Settlements & Settlers
International Law
Israel's policy of encouraging, financing, establishing, and expanding Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territories violates two main principles of international humanitarian law, or the laws of war. Under the Fourth Geneva Convention, to which Israel is a party, states are prohibited from transferring civilians from the occupying power's territory into the occupied territory, and from creating permanent changes in the occupied territory that are not for the benefit of the occupied population. (Added 12 December 2003)

Overview
  • The Legal status of Israeli settlements under IHL (PDF), IHL Research Initiative (HPCR/Harvard University)
  • Land Expropriation & Settlements, B'Tselem
  • The Role of Law in a Palestinian-Israeli Accommodation, John Quigley, Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law, Vol. 31, No. 2-3, (Spring/Summer 1999)
  • International Law and the Al-Aqsa Intifada, Richard Falk, Middle East Report, No. 217 (Winter 2000)
  • Land Grab: Israel's Settlement Policy in the West Bank, B'Tselem (May 2002)
  • On The Way To Annexation: Human Rights Violations Resulting from the Establishment and Expansion of the Ma'aleh Adumim Settlement (Word) B'Tselem (June 1999)
  • Israeli Settlement in the Occupied Territories as a Violation of Human Rights: Legal and Conceptual Aspects (RTF) B'Tselem (March 1997)


    Conventions & UN resolutions
  • Fourth Geneva Convention (1949)
  • Hague Convention (1907)
  • UNSC 446, noting the illegality of Israeli settlements (22 March 1979)
  • UNSC 452, reaffirming the illegality of Israeli settlements and Jerusalem's special status (20 July 1979)
  • UNSC 465, condemning Israeli settlements (1 March 1980)
  • Security Council Documents on Settlements


    Articles
  • Amnesty: Time to act on removal of unlawful Israeli settlements, Amnesty International (24 March 2005)
  • UN official's monthly briefing expresses concern over Israel's failure to freeze expansion of settlements, UN News (24 March 2005)
  • Special Rapporteur: Israel will remain occupier after disengagement, UNHCHR (27 January 2005)
  • Human Rights Commission adopts resolution on Israeli settlements and Israeli practices in occupied territories, UNHCHR (15 April 2005)
  • Beyond the Advisory Opinion: Possible Future Strategies, Jeff Handmaker (20 September 2004)
  • International Court Rules Against Israel's Wall, ICJ (9 July 2004)
  • Israeli forces order the expulsion of a Palestinian civilian living in al-Mawasi area of Khan Yunis, PCHR (14 May 2003)
  • B'Tselem report: Israel's failure to stop settler attacks on Palestinian olive harvesters, B'Tselem (2 December 2002)
  • Israel forbids Palestinians picking olives, LAW (22 October 2002)
  • Standing Idly by: Non-enforcement of the law on settlers, B'Tselem (8 August 2002)
  • Israeli settlers kill Palestinian girl in Hebron, LAW (29 July 2002)
  • Israeli commander in Gaza issues military order to seize land to build a new settlement road, PCHR (20 July 2002)
  • Settlements are built on 1.7% of West Bank land and control 41.9%, B'Tselem (13 May 2002)


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